without

Meaning

Adv

1. (archaic, literary, not-comparable) Outside, externally.
2. (not-comparable) Lacking something; failing.
3. (euphemistic, not-comparable) Without a condom being worn.

Prep

1. (archaic, literary) Outside of, beyond.
2. Not having, containing, characteristic of, etc.
3. Not doing or not having done something.

Conj

Unless, except (introducing a clause).

Opposite of

within, with

Synonyms

except

lacking

outside

sans

but

less

excluding

out

minus

destitute

absent

other than

devoid of

except for

lack

none

not

🚫

before

on the outside

apart from

save

external

not have

but for

outdoors

outside of

leaving

deprived

out of

missing

deficient

not having

absence

not any

free

🆓

unless

unprepared

deprived of

in the absence of

not including

-less

surrounding area

dispensed with

out-of-doors

not be

with the exception

abandon

no-one

abandoning

abroad

Translations

sans

senza

ohne

sin

zonder

sem

χωρίς

sine

sense

bê

άνευ

absque

gespeend van

δίχως

Pronounced as (IPA)

/wɪθˈaʊt/

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English: withoute

Inherited from Old English: wiþūtan

Cognate with Dutch: buiten

Cognate with Danish: uden

Cognate with Swedish: utan

Cognate with Norwegian: uten

In summary

From Middle English withoute, withouten, from Old English wiþūtan (literally “against the outside of”). Compare Dutch buiten (“outside of, without”), Danish uden (“without”), Swedish utan (“without”), Norwegian uten (“without”). By surface analysis, with- + out.
Superseded non-native Middle English sauns, sans (“without”), from Old French sans, sanz, senz (“without”).

Sentences

Try to make eye contact with a stranger on the bus , and hold it for five seconds , without speaking .

The Arab accepted them without a word .

It was said that he could cross half of Spain without leaving his possessions .

No compliments , pray Without ceremony , Without the organ , Without repetition .

She can't survive a day without having a kebab .

Entering this area is forbidden without stroking the owner's cat first .