zijn

Значение (English)

1. (intransitive) to be, to exist
2. (copulative, transitive) Used to connect a noun to an adjective that describes it.
3. (auxiliary, transitive) Used to form the perfect tense of the active voice of some verbs, together with a past participle.
4. (auxiliary, transitive) Used to form the perfect tense of the active voice of some verbs, together with a past participle. Note: The perfect tense of most other verbs is formed using hebben.
5. (auxiliary, transitive) Used to form the perfect tense of the passive voice, together with a past participle.
6. (auxiliary, transitive) Used to form the perfect tense of the passive voice, together with a past participle. Note: The imperfect tense passive is formed using worden.
7. (auxiliary, transitive) Used to form the continuous forms of various tenses, together with aan het or, in archaic style, with a present participle.
8. (intransitive) to go, to go on a trip and return
9. (impersonal, intransitive) Used to indicate weather, temperature or some other general condition.
10. (copulative, transitive) to be, to equal, to total, to amount to; used to indicate that the values on either side of an equation are the same.

bestaan

haar

d’r

z’n

’r

zich bevinden

existeren

strijdig

uitkomen op

wezenheid

lossnijden

het is nodig

уnze

conflicteren

confligeren

gelegen zijn

Частота

Произносится как (IPA)

/zɛi̯n/

Inherited from средненидерландский

Inherited from Old Dutch

Cognate with немецкий

Cognate with нижненемецкий

Inherited from средненидерландский

Inherited from Old Dutch

Cognate with шведский

Cognate with русский

Cognate with латинский

Cognate with древнегреческий

In summary

From Middle Dutch sijn, from Old Dutch sīn. The infinitive zijn along with the words is and zij (present indicative and subjunctive) derive ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”), which had no separate infinitive in Germanic. The modern infinitive was probably back-formed in late Old Dutch from the first-person plural subjunctive sīn (“we be”), since this form had become identical to the infinitive in other verbs during the late Old Dutch period. Compare also German sein, Low German sien. The original infinitive survives in wezen, from Middle Dutch wesen, from Old Dutch wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from *h₂wes- (“to reside”). All the forms with initial w- (imperative and past tense) derive from this root. Finally, the forms ben and bent derive from Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, to become”), from *bʰuH- (“to become”), which survives only as relic forms in the West Germanic languages and not at all in the others. Its infinitive and non-singular forms are attested in (Old) English, Frisian and a number of Dutch dialects.

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