split

Meaning

Verb

1. (ergative, transitive) To divide fully or partly along a more or less straight line.
2. (intransitive) To break along the grain fully or partly along a more or less straight line.
3. (transitive) To share; to divide.
4. (intransitive, slang, transitive) To leave.
5. (intransitive) To separate.
6. (ambitransitive) To (cause to) break up; to throw into discord.
7. (intransitive, transitive) To factor into linear factors.
8. (intransitive, transitive) To factor into linear factors.
9. (intransitive, transitive) To factor into linear factors.
10. To be broken; to be dashed to pieces.
11. (intransitive) To burst out laughing.
12. (dated, intransitive, slang) To divulge a secret; to betray confidence; to peach.
13. (especially) For both teams involved in a doubleheader to win one game each and lose another.
14. (intransitive) To vote for candidates of opposite parties.

Adj

1. (not-comparable) Divided.
2. (not-comparable) Having the middle object (group, module, etc.) equal to the direct sum of the others.
3. (not-comparable) Comprising half decaffeinated and half caffeinated espresso.
4. (not-comparable, usually) Divided so as to be done or executed part at one time or price and part at another time or price.
5. (historical, not-comparable) Given in sixteenths rather than eighths.
6. (London, not-comparable) Designating ordinary stock that has been divided into preferred ordinary and deferred ordinary.

Noun

1. A crack or longitudinal fissure.
2. A breach or separation, as in a political party; a division.
3. A piece that is split off, or made thin, by splitting; a splinter; a fragment.
4. One of the sections of a skin made by dividing it into two or more thicknesses.
5. A maneuver of spreading or sliding the feet apart until the legs are flat on the floor 180 degrees apart, either sideways to the body or with one leg in front and one behind, thus lowering the body completely to the floor in an upright position.
6. A workout routine as seen by its distribution of muscle groups or the extent and manner they are targeted in a microcycle.
7. (slang) A split-finger fastball.
8. A result of a first throw that leaves two or more pins standing with one or more pins between them knocked down.
9. A split shot or split stroke.
10. A dessert or confection resembling a banana split.
11. A unit of measure used for champagne or other spirits: 18.75 centiliters or one quarter of a standard 75-centiliter bottle. Commercially comparable to ¹⁄₂₀ (US) gallon, which is ¹⁄₂ of a fifth.
12. A bottle of wine containing 37.5 centiliters, half the volume of a standard 75-centiliter bottle; a demi.
13. The elapsed time at specific intermediate points in a race or speedrun.
14. A tear resulting from tensile stresses.
15. A division of a stake happening when two cards of the kind on which the stake is laid are dealt in the same turn.
16. A recording containing songs by multiple artists; a split single or split album.
17. The division of a single taxon into two or more taxa; as opposed to a lump.

Synonyms

crack

divide

break

tear

cleave

separate

burst

rip

cut

part

rent

rend

cracked

cleft

splinter

split up

fissure

torn

sever

divided

chop

broken

rift

break up

fracture

break off

shatter

chap

division

break open

pierce

rive

divorce

separation

chink

rupture

schism

halve

leave

crack open

crevice

explode

share

slit

partition

separated

tear open

breach

cloven

stock split

Translations

fendre

partir

spalten

dividere

dividir

dividir

séparer

teilen

rajar

diviser

trennen

rachar

fendere

separar

ayırmak

Pronounced as (IPA)

/splɪt/

Etymology

Cognate with Danish: splitte

Cognate with Low German: splieten

Cognate with German: spleißen

Cognate with Old English: speld

Cognate with Old High German: spaltan

Cognate with Old Irish: sliss

Cognate with Lithuanian: spaliai

Cognate with Czech: půl

Cognate with Church Slavic: расплитати

In summary

Attested since about 1567, from Middle Dutch splitten (“to split”) and/or Middle Low German splitten (“to split”), both ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *splittjan, an intensive form of Proto-West Germanic *splītan (“to split”), from Proto-Germanic *splītaną (whence Danish splitte, Low German splieten, German spleißen), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pley- (“to split, splice”).
Compare Middle English ysplett (“split”, past participle of splatten (“to split”)), Old English speld (“splinter”), Old High German spaltan (“to split”), Middle Irish slis (“splinter”), Lithuanian spaliai (“flax sheaves”), Czech půl (“half”), Old Church Slavonic рас-плитати (ras-plitati, “to cleave, split”).

Sentences

Ilias won the fight by split decision .

Video games have to split their very limited computing time between several tasks .