Meaning

  1. (class-7, intransitive, strong) to call out, to shout, to cry (of a person or animal)
  2. (class-7, intransitive, strong) to call for, to request the presence of
  3. (class-7, strong, transitive) to call, to request the presence of
  4. (class-7, strong, transitive) to call, to shout (an order, a statement, someone's name)
  5. (class-7, figuratively, intransitive, strong) to call, to beckon, to be waiting
  6. (class-7, dated, strong, transitive) to call (use a certain name for someone)
  7. (class-7, strong) to ask, to call for

Opposite of
flüstern, schweigen, befehlen
Frequency

A2
Dialects

Aargau

Aargau

bäägge

Aargau

Aargau

heepe

Basel-Landschaft

Basel-Landschaft

hoorne

Basel-Landschaft

Basel-Landschaft

huupe

Basel-Landschaft

Basel-Landschaft

rieffe

Data provided by: Deutsch-Schweizerdeutsches Wörterbuch

Pronounced as (IPA)
/ˈʁuːfən/
Etymology

In summary

From Middle High German ruofen, from Old High German ruofan, hruofan, from Proto-West Germanic *hrōpan, from Proto-Germanic *hrōpaną. Cognate with Dutch roepen, English roop, which see. Alongside there existed a weak Middle High German ruofen, from Old High German (h)ruofen. Weak conjugation is attestable until the 19th century. It indirectly lingers in the umlautless present forms, as against obsolete du rüfst, er rüft. (Lack of umlaut on rounded diphthong before labial is regular in Upper German, but it has only established itself here, not in laufen and saufen.)

Notes

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