gruff

Senso (Inglese)

Adj

1. having a rough, surly, and harsh demeanor and nature.
2. hoarse-voiced.
3. hoarse.

Verb

To speak gruffly.

Noun

Alternative spelling of grough (“gully in a moor”).

Concetti

rude

brusco

burbero

roco

sgarbato

scortese

arcigno

ispido

scontroso

arcigne

afflitto

malmostoso

aspro

losco

ripido

sgradevole

spiacevole

triste

☹️

sinonimi

rough

harsh

surly

hoarse

unkind

brusque

sullen

sour

crusty

husky

unpleasant

brutal

rude

disagreeable

throaty

abrupt

ill-humored

ill-humoured

tough

curmudgeonly

ungracious

inimical

unfriendly

brusk

discourteous

bristly

bass

dismal

disobliging

distasteful

desolate

brief

deep

curt

boring

baritone

annoyed

horrible

homespun

blunt

guttural

cross

grumpy

gritty

coarse

bluff

bad

👎

grim

inclinable

grating

Traduzioni

nors

onaardig

nurks

honds

bars

zuur

stuurs

arisco

onvriendelijk

bourru

bronco

brusco

brummig

unfreundlich

Pronunciato come (IPA)

/ɡɹʌf/

Etimologia (Inglese)

Affine saterfriesisch: groaf

Affine frisone occidentale: grof

Affine basso tedesco: groff

Affine tedesco: grob

Affine svedese: grov

In summary

16th century, from Dutch grof and/or Middle Low German grof (both “rough, coarse, rude”), from Old Dutch *grof or Old Saxon *grof, both from Proto-West Germanic *grob, from Proto-Germanic *grubaz (“coarse, rough”), possibly from an earlier *gahrubaz and then related with *hreubaz (“scabby, rough, scrubby”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian groaf (“rough, coarse, crude”), West Frisian grof (“rough, coarse, crude”), Low German groff (“rough, coarse, crude”), German grob (“rough, coarse, crude”), Swedish grov (“rough, coarse, crude”).