-o

Meaning

1. (declension-3, morpheme) Used to form masculine nouns with various meanings:
2. (declension-3, morpheme) Used to form masculine nouns with various meanings:
3. (declension-3, morpheme) Used to form masculine nouns with various meanings:
4. (declension-3, morpheme) Used to form masculine nouns with various meanings:
5. (declension-3, morpheme) Used to form masculine nouns with various meanings:
6. (Late-Latin, declension-3, morpheme) Used to form masculine nouns with various meanings:

Pronounced as (IPA)

[oː]

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *-h₃onh₂-der.
Latin -o
From Proto-Indo-European *-ō, *-on-, perhaps (controversially) merged with "Hoffmann's suffix" *-h₃ō, *-h₃onh₂-; in Latin, the vowel length of nominative ō was made common to all cases. Etymologically, it forms part of the abstract noun suffixes -iō f, -tiō f. Non-abstract nouns ending in the suffix -ō, -ōnis are typically masculine.
The ending -ō, -inis, with short -i- in the oblique stem because of ablaut, is unproductive as an independent suffix in historical Latin. However, it appears as the final component of various productive feminine abstract noun suffixes: -āgō f, -īgō f, -ūgō f, -tūdō f, -ēdō f (e.g. dulcēdō, dulcēdinis f). There are also a handful of nouns where -ō, -inis is directly attached to a verbal root, such as prōpāgō, prōpāginis f; aspergō, asperginis f; offendō, *offendinis f. Finally, -ō, -inis appears as an ending in some nouns, masculine and feminine, that effectively function as simple, underived words in Latin: e.g. margō, marginis m or f; virgō, virginis f; cardō, cardinis m.