thou

Meaning

Pron

Nominative singular of ye (“you”).

Verb

1. (transitive) To address (a person) using the pronoun thou, especially as an expression of contempt or familiarity.
2. (intransitive) To use the word thou.

Noun

A unit of length equal to one thousandth of an inch (25.4 µm).

Noun

A thousand, especially a thousand of some currency (dollars, pounds sterling, etc.).

Adv

Misspelling of though.

Conj

Misspelling of though.

ye

• Pron
• Article
• Intj
• Noun

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Opposite of

you

Synonyms

you

thee

thousand

thy

millenary

thine

thyself

yard

ye

yourself

G

K

M

Ⓜ️

one thousand

SG

1000

yer

U

grand

chiliad

grand

mil

Translations

du

tu

jij

tu

tú

je

tu

εσύ

gij

tu

tu

você

sen

vous

Pronounced as (IPA)

/ðaʊ/

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English: thou

Inherited from Old English: þū

Cognate with Saterland Frisian: du

Cognate with Western Frisian: do

Cognate with Dutch: du

Cognate with Limburgish: doe

Cognate with Low German: du

Cognate with German: du

Cognate with Danish: du

Cognate with Swedish: du

Cognate with Faroese: tú

Cognate with Icelandic: þú

Cognate with Gothic: 𐌸𐌿

Cognate with Latin: tu

Cognate with Ancient Greek: σύ

Cognate with Ancient Greek: τύ

Cognate with Greek: εσύ

Cognate with Irish: tu

Cognate with Lithuanian: tu

Cognate with Church Slavic: ty

Cognate with Welsh: ti

Cognate with Armenian: դու

Cognate with Albanian: ti

Cognate with Persian: تو

Inherited from Middle English: thouen

In summary

From Middle English thou, tho, thogh, thoue, thouȝ, thow, thowe, tou, towe, thu, thue, thugh, tu, you (Northern England), ðhu, þeou, þeu, þou (the latter three early Southwest England), from Old English þū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū (“you (singular), thou”), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you, thou”).
cognates and usage evolution
The English word is cognate with Saterland Frisian du (“thou”), West Frisian do (“thou”), dialectal Dutch du, dou, douw (“thou”), Limburgish doe (“thou”), Low German du (“thou”), German du (“thou”), Danish du (“thou”), Swedish du (“thou”), Norwegian Nynorsk du (“thou”), Faroese tú (“thou”), Icelandic þú (“thou”), Gothic 𐌸𐌿 (þu, “thou”), Latin tu, Ancient Greek σύ (sú) (Doric Ancient Greek τύ (tú), Greek εσύ (esý)), Irish tu, Lithuanian tu, Old Church Slavonic тꙑ (ty), Welsh ti, Armenian դու (du), Albanian ti, Persian تو (to).
The informality of thou and its replacement by ye in formal situations date only to the 14th century and come from French influence, since French (as many European languages, but not Old English) uses the second-person plural (vous) instead of the second-person singular (tu) as a mark of politeness or respect.