جيش

Meaning

Noun

1. (form-of, noun-from-verb) verbal noun of جَاشَ (jāša)
2. an army, a military force

Verb

to mobilize troops

Concepts

army

legion

military

mobilize

rage

😡

simmer

troops

be agitated

Sabaoth

armed forces

agitate

levy troops

Synonyms

عسكر

جند

Translations

armée

exército

exercitus

Armee

ejército

exèrcit

στρατός

leger

esercito

Heer

ordu

armata

landmacht

Pronounced as (IPA)

/d͡ʒajʃ/

Etymology

Central Semitic isogloss with Aramaic גַּיָּיסָא (gayyāsā), ܓܝܣܐ (gaysā, “troop; band of raiders”), Hebrew גַּיִס (gáyis), גַּיָּיסָא (gayyāsā, “troop; band of invaders”), and Sabaean 𐩴𐩺𐩦 (gys²), 𐩴𐩦 (gs², “unit, detachment”), explained as a derivation from the base verb found in Arabic as جَاشَ (jāša, “to be excited, to be agitated, to storm, to rage”), which means in this context to heave or rise up suddenly, hence inciting troops to action, raise military forces, to muster or rally, to incite a war or raise up arms, and can be further related to Ge'ez ጌሰ (gesä, “to rise early”), ገይስ (gäys, “departure, journey particularly at the beginning of the day”). Can be borrowed from Aramaic into Arabic and Old South Arabian if this happened in a century before the Common Era, when Proto-Semitic ś was still distinguished in Aramaic, for which age this term must be imagined in any case.