çaba

(Tiếng Anh)

  1. effort, exertion
  2. endeavor, struggle

Tính thường xuyên

B2
Từ nguyên (Tiếng Anh)

Neologism, coined as part of Atatürk’s language reforms. Back-formation from çabalamak. Displaced Ottoman Turkish سعی (sa'y).

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