Qualm

(Îngilîzî)

smoke, particularly when very dense or regarded as unpleasant; fume

Wekî (IPA) tê bilêvkirin

/kvalm/

Etîmolojî (Îngilîzî)

Ji Middle Low German hatiye wergirtin: quallem

Hevwate bi holendî: kwalm

Hevwate bi Old High German: twalm

Hevwate bi Old English: dwolma

In summary

16th century, from Middle Low German quallem (“vapor, steam, smoke”). Cognate with Dutch kwalm. Usually considered a derivative of quellen (“to well, swell up”).
Alternatively with the common Low and Central German development dw-, tw- → qu- (as in quer, Quark etc.) from Old Saxon dwalm (“benumbment, bemusement”), cognate of Old High German twalm, Old English dwolma. Further from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeuə- (“spray, swirl, whirl”). However, the documented meanings seem to speak against this.

Têgeh

dû

dûman

Hevwate

Rauch

Dunst

Dunstschleier

Werger

fumo

fumée

smoke

fume

duman

dû

fumo

humo

fumée épaisse

vapor

vapeur épaisse

smolder

smother

thick smoke

fumée dense

Hevok

Dichter Qualm entwich aus dem Schornstein .

Dûmana dendikê ji çîmentoyê reviya.