A Central Semitic innovation, cognate with Hebrew עֶבֶד (ʿéḇeḏ), Phoenician 𐤏𐤁𐤃 (ʿbd), Ugaritic 𐎓𐎁𐎄 (ʿbd), Classical Syriac ܥܒܕܐ (ʿaḇdā), Old South Arabian 𐩲𐩨𐩵 (ʿbd).
Axaftin û jiberkirina " عبد " û gelek peyv û hevokên din di Arabic .