Schach

Significat (English)

(neuter,strong) chess (game)
(neuter,strong) check (chess situation in which the king is directly threatened)

Schachspiel

Spiel der Könige

Freqüència

Pronunciat com a (IPA)

/ʃax/

Inherited from alt alemany mitjà

Cognate with italià

Cognate with francès antic

In summary

From Middle High German schāch, from Arabic شاه (šāh), from Classical Persian شاه (šāh), from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (mlkʾ /⁠šāh⁠/), from Old Persian 𐏋 (XŠ /⁠xšāyaθiya⁠/, “king”). Doublet of Check, Schah, and Scheck. Oriental words were usually borrowed into Middle High German through Italian or Old French. Therefore the final /x/ is remarkable, because this sound was replaced with /k/ in Italian scacco, Old French échec. There are two possible explanations for this: Either the word was borrowed directly from Arabic during the early Crusades, or it was borrowed through Middle Dutch schaec and the -ch goes back to artificial reproduction of the High German consonant shift (as happened in several other words).

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